Journal of Economics

In agrarian economies, agriculture accounts for about one third of total output growth over the period 1993-2005 years. In these countries, home to around half a billion people, of whom 68% – in rural areas and 49% exist on less than $ 1 a day.

In agriculture-based countries, agriculture is a major source of growth, providing an average of 32% GDP growth.This is due mainly to the fact that agriculture creates a significant proportion of GDP, and that most poor people (70%) live in villages. In these countries – mainly in Africa south of the Sahara – there are 417 million rural residents. 82% of rural population in sub-Saharan Africa lives in countries whose economies are of agriculture.

Distribution of regions within countries on their agricultural potential and access to markets shows that 61% of rural population in developing countries live in areas with favorable agro-ecological conditions – irrigated, with a wet or moderately wet climate, where the stress due to water shortage is unlikely, and the availability of market is assessed as moderate or good (commercial city with a population of 5000 people located less than five hours away). However, two thirds of the rural population in Africa south of the Sahara live in areas with less favorable terms, designated as dry or do not have good access to the market. In five countries, the prevalence of poverty is higher in areas with less favorable conditions, but most poor people live in areas with favorable conditions.

For developing countries in terms of per capita GNI include most countries in Eastern and Pacific, South Asia, Middle East and North Africa, sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean.

Developing countries, with all its diversity, characterized by certain common features, which allow to consider them as more or less uniform group with some of the same type or of shared interests in economics and politics.

Identify the following common features of agricultural countries:

1) the dependent position in the world economy;

2) the transitional nature of the internal socio-economic structures, industrial relations in general;

3) low level of development of productive forces, the backwardness of industry, agriculture, industrial and social infrastructure.

Low economic level in developing countries is based on poor performance when the dominant hand labor, lack of mechanization of the industrial and agricultural labor. Hence the huge gap in labor efficiency.

For most developing countries are typical of the traditional industry structure of the economy, in which the volume takes the largest share of agriculture, followed by services and then to industry.