SUBJECT AND TASKS OF SCIENCE. METHODS OF RESEARCH IN RURAL ECONOMY.
The most important task of agriculture is to provide the population with food and processing industry of agricultural raw materials necessary. The solution to this problem is related to further intensification of the industry, the acceleration of scientific and technological progress, improving economic relations, the development of diverse forms of ownership and management.
The main condition for improving the scientific level of management, growth initiatives and activities in the management of production is cost training in agriculture.
In this regard, the main purpose of the course “Economics of rural areas. DHW-wa “is the study of objective economic laws and forms of their occurrence in agriculture. Economic science is studying the relations of production in agriculture in the mutual relations with other spheres of material production, based on the results of a study of natural, technical and other related sciences.
Under the economies in the broadest sense refers to a set of social relations into which people enter into the production process. Industry and economic sciences (economics of industry, transport, construction, trade, agriculture, etc.) investigate characteristic features of the general economic patterns in the fields of agriculture.
Economics of Agriculture (ESH), as a science, studying the operation of objective economic laws and forums of their manifestation in agricultural production. Economic laws that govern agriculture, have an objective character, and act independently of human consciousness. Following the general economic laws, the rural economy.economy reveals the originality of their actions in specific circumstances, is developing ways to use business practices.
In agriculture, a system of economic laws: the law of value, the law of productivity growth, the law expanded reproduction, the law of accumulation.
Accounting and equitable use of the entire system of economic laws aimed at ensuring the growing needs of the population and a free round development of all members of society.
ESH as industrial science, makes a practical conclusions and develop ways to use and the use of basic economic laws in a particular agro-industrial development.
The subject of science “ESH” examines the relations of production people in the interdependence and interaction with the development of productive forces. An important task is to determine the subject-effectiveness of agricultural machinery and equipment, agricultural, technological, land reclamation and other activities.
With the development of market relations in economic science, along with the notion of economy branches widely used concept of Economics. From the perspective of the study of economic laws, the use of material resources and the needs of the population of these concepts are similar but not identical. Economics studies the relations of production in the sectors of the economy (including agriculture) in conjunction with other spheres of material production. Economics – in the words of K. McConnell and C. Bru – the study of human behavior in the process of production, distribution and consumption of goods and services in a world of limited resources. The basis of the economy are two fundamental facts:
- The material needs of society are endless and insatiable;
- Economic resources, we have the means to produce goods and services are limited.
In this regard, the absolute abundance of material does not seem feasible. Search options for best use of scarce productive resources to achieve maximum satisfaction of material needs of man and is the subject of science Economics.
Rural economy. DHW. extensive use of data related previous and subsequent Sciences. Important role in studying the course tvoditsya deep assimilation of knowledge of previous technology (agriculture, crop production, agricultural chemistry, reclamation, mechanization and electrification, animal husbandry, storage and processing of agricultural products, vegetables and fruit, etc.) and economic (mathematics, political science, economics, planning and forecasting in agriculture, the distribution of productive forces, computer engineering and computer technology, computer science, statistics, regulation and safety, accounting) sciences. At the same time experi-ka agriculture, both industrial science, gives a basis for studying further the economic profile of disciplines, such as: the organization of agricultural production, business analysis, economic-mathematical methods, financing and lending, management of agricultural production, international economic relations , business, agricultural markets, etc.
Ways of knowing of reality are the method of science. The basis of science “ESH” is the dialectical method, which involves consideration of the development process in a state of continuous movement and change, when each phenomenon is characterized by unity and struggle of opposites, between the old and new.
To analyze the mass of economic material use different methods of economic research: a statistical (correlation, variance, an index, regression), monographic, Economics and Mathematics, the graphic, settlement and constructive, experimental, abstract, logical, etc.