Journal of Economics

Agricultural land – an invaluable resource of any nation. Factors affecting the efficiency of land use are many and varied. There are factors related to technology or the organization of production, and is dependent on the activities of a particular company, used inputs, either from the introduction of the achievements of STP.

To improve the economic efficiency of land directly related, in our opinion, has the production structure of the studied companies. To improve the industrial structure Agrofirma Kama Rybnaya Sloboda region of the Republic of Tatarstan, use the method of economic and mathematical modeling. It involves consideration of all the conditions in which the economy is and all the factors affecting the change in performance. It allows you to optimize the structure of the enterprise redistributing power from more costly and not profitable for the company’s existence of commodity production to more lucrative.
The final results of the optimization model can be represented in the following Table 1
.
As a result of the optimization solutions farming can increase the value of gross production (AEP) in comparable prices by 37,2%, the cost of commercial products by 49,4%, while the light and the increased profitability of production can increase profitability by 1,6%. The same output per 100 hectares s.h.u. can be increased by 37,2%, and get more profit per 100 ha s.h.u. by 58,3% higher. This suggests better use of land as a result of the activities.

Table 1

Key economic indicators of the optimization model

Index
Actually
According to the decision
Optimization solution as% of actual
1
2
3
4
SVP at comparable prices, thousand rubles.
1340
1838,6
37,2
The cost of commercial products, thous.
27098,5
40475
49,4
Labor costs, per hour.
300000
300000
0
SVP at comparable prices,
per: 1 per hour. rub.
4,5
6,1
37,2
100 ha s.h.u., rub.
31,2
42,8
37,2
Earnings per: 1 per hour, rub.
17,1
27,1
58,3
100 ha s.h.u., rub.
119,6
189,3
58,3
Profitability,%
4,7
25,3
X

It should be noted that in the studied farm there, and organizational and economic resources to further enhance the economic efficiency of land use.

Since the analysis of staffing levels showed that the current organizational structure does not completely meet regulatory requirements. In our opinion, the first to combine accounting and economic life and create a new financial and economic services, it will reduce the cost of maintaining the administrative apparatus. Second create a marketing service, because in a market economy without this service difficult to organize the best selling products.

With regard to production, and here there are hidden reserves. Application of three-time milking, compared with a double, in a herd of cattle (cattle) with an average yield of about 1,822 kg of milk production of cows increased by 5,5%. In a herd with a yield of about 2,986 kg – 9%. With a yield of 3900 kg or more – by 14%. Yet there are also negative effects, such as increasing the number of milkings in 2 to 3 labor costs for 1c milk, increasing by approximately 25%. We found that the productivity of 19.76 q These measures are not profitable. Under the conditions of the studied farms (in labor costs in animal husbandry 3,510 rubles. And the price of 1c. Milk 724.1 rubles.) Livestock productivity must be at least 28.75 quintals per head.

Final results of the proposed activities represented in Table 2.

Table 2

Comparable figures for the level and efficiency of land use in Agrofirma Kama Rybnaya Sloboda region of the Republic of Tatarstan.

Indicators
Fact
For the future
Deviation
Gross output value (in comparable. Pricing) rubles. per:
1096,0
1390,2
294,2
100 hectares of arable land is commensurate
85,9
108,9
23,0
including crop
46,7
63,0
16,3
The amount of profit from the sale of thousands of rubles. per:
1140,0
4387,3
3247,3
100 hectares of arable land is commensurate
89,3
343,7
254,4
including crop
156,7
305,4
148,7
Gross profit, thousand rubles per:
18399,0
21646,3
3247,3
100 hectares of arable land is commensurate
1441,3
1695,6
254,3
including crop
1441,7
1601,7
160,0
Profitability,%
4,7
18,1
13,4

The table shows that as a result of our suggested actions the company can increase the value of gross output in comparable prices by 294.2 thousand rubles., Including 100 hectares of arable land is comparable to 23 thousand rubles. Amount of gross income increase per 100 hectares of arable land is comparable to 254.3 thousand rubles. Profit – at 3247.3 thousand rubles. And raise the profitability of 13,4%.

Thus, our proposed reserves will actually increase the economic efficiency of land use in Agrofirm Kama Rybnaya Sloboda District of Tatarstan.

To date, there are many ways to improve livestock productivity, crop yields, which the economy can easily use. But if it continues will continue disparity in prices for agricultural products and other related industries or will not increase aid from the state, then we will enter the WTO with a “kneeling” agro-industrial complex is not able to compete with other countries.