Trends and prospects for grain production in the Republic of Tatarstan
Increased efficiency for grain production is an essential prerequisite for sustainable development of the agricultural sector of the economy, its regions and Tatarstan. Of particular importance to improving the efficiency of the grain industry has for those regions, which, as this subject of the federation, are located in areas of intensive cropping. Forming the basis of not only farming, but the entire agricultural production, the grain industry largely determines the level and pace of its development, the possibility of accelerated growth in agriculture. The problem of reconstruction and development of grain production is one of the most urgent in our country, whose decision is in the wake of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation “On the Development of Agriculture and the State Program” Development of agriculture and regulation of markets for agricultural products, raw materials and food in 2008 – 2012 “(Zhukov, NI, 2008).
The agrarian sector of the Republic has a special place in the Volga economic region. The country has the highest gross production of agriculture. Republic, with 2.2% agricultural lands, produces 4% of its agricultural products. Basis of crop subject of the federation of grain farming (Sharifullin MV, 2001).
Analysis of the gross grain harvest for the years 1955-2007 showed that the production of these products in the region is subject to considerable fluctuations under the influence of weather conditions. However, the alignment of the time series of indices with a linear trend indicates that the positive dynamics of change in volume of grain production in the country and even some increase of this indicator in the forecast until 2018 (Fig. 1).
Figure 1 – Dynamics of the gross grain harvest in the Republic.
Identifying trends in grain farming federation subject is impossible without the idea of placing the production of these crops in the region under study. Therefore there is a need for a detailed consideration of this aspect with the statistical groupings. Grouping 43 districts of the country allowed to get six groups (Fig. 2).
Figure 2 – Placement of grain production by groups of districts of Tatarstan, thousand tons
Srednerayonnye indicators of gross harvest of cereals are at 97.7 tons, The deviation ± 32,1 thousand tons, accounting for 32,9%. This figure is within the normal coefficient of variation (30-35%), thus placing the production of crops on the subject of the federation as a whole is homogeneous. The greatest share of gross production of grain in the republic is occupied Buinsky, Nurlatsky and Arskii areas, the smallest – Yutazinsky and Mendeleev areas.
However, despite the upward trend in grain output and the uniformity of its location Republic, receiving nearly twice as much grain per hectare of sown area (compared with other regions of the Volga Federal District), can not provide a cost-effective grain production. Over the past three years has increased dramatically, and full commercial production cost of grain, whose level in 2007 compared with 2004 increased respectively by 70 and 80 per cent. The main reason for this growth – disparity in prices for agricultural and industrial products. In 2002, despite the high yields and relatively low cost of 1 quintal of grain as compared to other investigated over the years, the level of profitability grain production was only 5,5%. This was due to a sharp decrease in purchasing prices for grain.
As you know, in a market mechanism works supply and demand, that is, the growth in demand for grain products the price will increase. One of the promising ways of increasing the economic efficiency of grain production for the Republic is the development of biofuels as a factor in increasing demand.
Thus, by making full use of internal resources and external factors can be achieved dramatic increase the economic efficiency of grain production in the Republic, accelerated and sustainable development of agricultural industry of the country not only in the coming years, but also on long-term perspective.
References:
1. Zhukov, NI The development of integration processes in grain farming in the region: summary Thesis of Doctor of Economic Sciences / NI Beetles; ICCA them. KA Timiryazev. – MM: (former and.), 2008. – 45s.
2. Sharifullin MV Economic efficiency zernoproizvodsta in RT / MV Sharifullin / Economist. – 2001. – № 1. – P. 79