General information about the Land Trust Fund RT
The Republic of Tatarstan is located on the east of the East European Plain in the middle reaches and lower reaches of the Volga river – Kama. The climate is temperate continental, the duration of the snow period 5-5,5 months (from mid-November to early April). The average January temperature is – 14 ° C, July + 19 ° C. The average annual rainfall 430-500 mm.
In nature, the territory is divided into three parts: Predvolzhe, Predkame and Zakamye. Administratively, the republic is divided into 43 rayons and 14 cities of republican subordination.
Total land area of the Republic of Tatarstan is 6783.7 tys.gektarov, of which agricultural land ha -4667.6 industry, transport, communications, energy, defense and other special purpose – 81.6 thousand hectares (1,2% ), lands of forest fund -124.7 ha (18,3%), ground water resources – 438.9 thousand hectares (6,5%), lands of specially protected natural areas – 13,2 ha (0 2%).
The greatest part of the republic’s territory occupied by agricultural land – 4667.6 thousand hectares or 68.8%, of which 4,368.2 ha of agricultural land, including arable lands – 3,362.6 hectares Farmland – arable land, meadows, pastures, fallow lands, lands under permanent crops have priority in use and subject to special protection.
The soil cover of the Republic is represented combinations of various types, subtypes, species and varieties of soil differences.
A variety of soil cover structure is largely due to geographical location in which the republic lies within two different in nature for parts: the northern part and south-Predkame – Zakamye and Predvolzhe and features of parent rocks.
Among the soils dominate the northern part of sod-podzolic, gray-forest, in the southern part of the soil cover is more common chernozem soil (leached, typical, podzolized carbonate).
Soil of the republic are mainly heavy texture, so the clay and heavy types represent 89%, medium-loamy – 9.4%, sandy – 1,4%, sand – 0.2%
Of the land are most valuable arable land, the main means of production for the crop. Per inhabitant in Tatarstan on average 0.92 hectares of arable land. In general, the Russian Federation, the figure is 0.86 hectares.
For comparison: Kazakhstan – 2.9 hectares per 1 inhabitant
Australia – 2.52 acres
Canada. - 1,67 hectares
USA – 0,74 hectares
China – 0,08 hectares.
At the same time in 1960, the amount of arable land per capita in the country was 1.36 ha, ie 40 years declined to 0.44 hectare, or almost 1.5 times. During this period the cultivated area has decreased by 370 tys.gektarov, which is comparable in size with 5 medium-sized districts. This is due to the withdrawal of land for construction, expansion of cities and other settlements, but the main reason – the development of processes of water erosion.Level plowing throughout the territory of Tatarstan is 51,3%, in the Volga Federal District, this figure is on average 35,3%.